Speed comparison of public key algorithms¶

32bit, native on a Core2Duo T9400 (one core)¶

Public Key Signature¶

Key type	Strength*	Operations/s	gmp	gcrypt	openssl
RSA 512 e=3	50 bits	sign	3'708	1'814	2'286
RSA 512 e=f4	50 bits	sign	3'946	1'780	2'150
RSA 768 e=3	62 bits	sign	1'483	625	521
RSA 768 e=f4	62 bits	sign	1'486	626	783
RSA 1024 e=3	73 bits	sign	724	301	488
RSA 1024 e=f4	73 bits	sign	722	285	475
RSA 1536 e=3	89 bits	sign	242	99	117
RSA 1536 e=f4	89 bits	sign	243	98	111
RSA 2048 e=3	103 bits	sign	110	30	80
RSA 2048 e=f4	103 bits	sign	109	28	89
RSA 3072 e=3	125 bits	sign	35	9	33
RSA 3072 e=f4	125 bits	sign	35	15	32
RSA 4096 e=3	142 bits	sign	15	6	9
RSA 4096 e=f4	142 bits	sign	15	6	9
RSA 6144 e=3	171 bits	sign	4	2	3
RSA 6144 e=f4	171 bits	sign	4	2	3
RSA 8192 e=3	193 bits	sign	2	1	2
RSA 8192 e=f4	193 bits	sign	2	1	1
ECDSA 256	128 bits	sign	N/A	N/A	546
ECDSA 384	192 bits	sign	N/A	N/A	233
ECDSA 521	260 bits	sign	N/A	N/A	113
RSA 512 e=3	50 bits	verify	76'683	36'626	55'685
RSA 512 e=f4	50 bits	verify	32'577	15'860	25'086
RSA 768 e=3	62 bits	verify	52'707	31'167	37'112
RSA 768 e=f4	62 bits	verify	17'375	10'054	15'034
RSA 1024 e=3	73 bits	verify	37'826	25'688	28'879
RSA 1024 e=f4	73 bits	verify	11'402	6'640	10'380
RSA 1536 e=3	89 bits	verify	22'143	18'505	10'393
RSA 1536 e=f4	89 bits	verify	5'892	3'770	3'686
RSA 2048 e=3	103 bits	verify	14'175	8'307	11'625
RSA 2048 e=f4	103 bits	verify	3'481	1'423	3'535
RSA 3072 e=3	125 bits	verify	7'207	4'930	5'654
RSA 3072 e=f4	125 bits	verify	1'729	1'150	1'857
RSA 4096 e=3	142 bits	verify	5'887	4'960	2'263
RSA 4096 e=f4	142 bits	verify	1'049	684	672
RSA 6144 e=3	171 bits	verify	3'171	2630	977
RSA 6144 e=f4	171 bits	verify	544	335	324
RSA 8192 e=3	193 bits	verify	2'015	1638	839
RSA 8192 e=f4	193 bits	verify	334	194	181
ECDSA 256	128 bits	verify	N/A	N/A	459
ECDSA 384	192 bits	verify	N/A	N/A	196
ECDSA 521	260 bits	verify	N/A	N/A	94

* = cryptographic strength estimates according to RFC 3766 using www.keylength.com

Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange¶

DH group	Strength	Operations/s	gmp	gcrypt	openssl	gmp*	gcrypt*	openssl*
MODP 768	62 bits	A=g^a mod p	468.3	293.5	371.9	1271.8	866.0	1060.6
MODP 1024	73 bits	A=g^a mod p	216.6	136.4	192.6	792.7	540.5	706.1
MODP 1536	89 bits	A=g^a mod p	71.5	46.7	70.8	395.2	279.2	379.1
MODP 2048	103 bits	A=g^a mod p	31.9	20.9	31.5	161.7	112.6	155.0
MODP 3072	125 bits	A=g^a mod p	10.2	6.8	11.2	77.3	55.9	81.3
MODP 4096	142 bits	A=g^a mod p	4.5	3.0	4.8	34.4	24.5	35.7
MODP 6144	171 bits	A=g^a mod p	1.5	1.0	1.6	17.8	11.9	17.7
MODP 8096	193 bits	A=g^a mod p	0.7	0.4	0.7	11.2	7.0	10.2
ECP 192	96 bits	A=g^a mod p	N/A	N/A	961.6	-	-	-
ECP 224	112 bits	A=g^a mod p	N/A	N/A	724.8	-	-	-
ECP 256	128 bits	A=g^a mod p	N/A	N/A	577.7	-	-	-
ECP 384	192 bits	A=g^a mod p	N/A	N/A	243.2	-	-	-
ECP 521	260 bits	A=g^a mod p	N/A	N/A	117.2	-	-	-
MODP 768	62 bits	S=B^a mod p	489.3	205.7	393.6	1418.2	618.5	1101.2
MODP 1024	73 bits	S=B^a mod p	222.3	92.5	195.4	845.5	372.9	728.1
MODP 1536	89 bits	S=B^a mod p	71.9	31.4	71.1	409.7	188.2	382.7
MODP 2048	103 bits	S=B^a mod p	31.9	14.0	31.6	163.9	74.5	156.5
MODP 3072	125 bits	S=B^a mod p	10.2	4.6	11.15	77.8	36.6	80.6
MODP 4096	142 bits	S=B^a mod p	4.5	2.0	4.8	34.5	16.2	35.7
MODP 6144	171 bits	S=B^a mod p	1.5	0.7	1.6	17.8	7.9	17.6
MODP 8096	193 bits	S=B^a mod p	0.6	0.3	0.7	11.2	4.5	10.3
ECP 192	96 bits	S=B^a mod p	N/A	N/A	950.2	-	-	-
ECP 224	112 bits	S=B^a mod p	N/A	N/A	716.9	-	-	-
ECP 256	128 bits	S=B^a mod p	N/A	N/A	564.0	-	-	-
ECP 384	192 bits	S=B^a mod p	N/A	N/A	239.1	-	-	-
ECP 521	260 bits	S=B^a mod p	N/A	N/A	116.0	-	-	-

* = using reduced exponent size (libstrongswan.dh_exponent_ansi_x9_42 = no) as recommended by RFC3526

32bit, User-Mode-Linux on a Core2Duo T9400 (one core)¶

Public Key Signature¶

Key type	Strength*	Operations/s	gmp	gcrypt	openssl
RSA 512	50 bits	sign	3'791	1'831	2'105
RSA 768	62 bits	sign	1'519	709	810
RSA 1024	73 bits	sign	713	292	485
RSA 1536	89 bits	sign	240	102	184
RSA 2048	103 bits	sign	110	47	93
ECDSA 256	128 bits	sign	N/A	N/A	522
ECDSA 384	192 bits	sign	N/A	N/A	226
ECDSA 521	260 bits	sign	N/A	N/A	109
RSA 512	50 bits	verify	29'630	16'667	25'806
RSA 768	62 bits	verify	18'182	10'714	15'385
RSA 1024	73 bits	verify	11'765	6'897	11'111
RSA 1536	89 bits	verify	5'882	3'774	5'882
RSA 2048	103 bits	verify	3'571	2'326	3'704
ECDSA 256	128 bits	verify	N/A	N/A	440
ECDSA 384	192 bits	verify	N/A	N/A	180
ECDSA 521	260 bits	verify	N/A	N/A	90

* = cryptographic strength estimates according to RFC 3766 using www.keylength.com

Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange¶

DH group	Strength	Operations/s	gmp	gcrypt	openssl	gmp*	gcrypt*	openssl*
MODP 768	62 bits	A=g^a mod p	368	243	212	741	531	319
MODP 1024	73 bits	A=g^a mod p	196	125	136	494	388	272
MODP 1536	89 bits	A=g^a mod p	68	45	62	308	220	196
MODP 2048	103 bits	A=g^a mod p	31	21	28	149	98	116
ECP 192	96 bits	A=g^a mod p	N/A	N/A	166	-	-	-
ECP 224	112 bits	A=g^a mod p	N/A	N/A	157	-	-	-
ECP 256	128 bits	A=g^a mod p	N/A	N/A	148	-	-	-
ECP 384	192 bits	A=g^a mod p	N/A	N/A	91	-	-	-
ECP 521	260 bits	A=g^a mod p	N/A	N/A	63	-	-	-
MODP 768	62 bits	S=B^a mod p	448	190	290	1176	496	541
MODP 1024	73 bits	S=B^a mod p	213	89	167	727	320	440
MODP 1536	89 bits	S=B^a mod p	71	31	64	385	175	286
MODP 2048	103 bits	S=B^a mod p	32	13	30	164	71	141
ECP 192	96 bits	S=B^a mod p	N/A	N/A	171	-	-	-
ECP 224	112 bits	S=B^a mod p	N/A	N/A	162	-	-	-
ECP 256	128 bits	S=B^a mod p	N/A	N/A	152	-	-	-
ECP 384	192 bits	S=B^a mod p	N/A	N/A	91	-	-	-
ECP 521	260 bits	S=B^a mod p	N/A	N/A	65	-	-	-

* = using reduced exponent size (libstrongswan.dh_exponent_ansi_x9_42 = no) as recommended by RFC3526

64bit under VirtualBox, Core2Duo T9400 (one core):¶

Public Key Signature¶

Key type	Strength*	Operations/s	gmp	gcrypt	openssl
RSA 512	50 bits	sign	13'082	3'530	7'478
RSA 768	62 bits	sign	5'523	1'603	3'154
RSA 1024	73 bits	sign	2'742	766	1'577
RSA 1536	89 bits	sign	937	285	555
RSA 2048	103 bits	sign	433	133	258
ECDSA 256	128 bits	sign	N/A	N/A	1'267
ECDSA 384	192 bits	sign	N/A	N/A	577
ECDSA 521	260 bits	sign	N/A	N/A	291
RSA 512	50 bits	verify	103'733	36'197	59'598
RSA 768	62 bits	verify	61'520	25'411	35'704
RSA 1024	73 bits	verify	41'377	16'098	26'314
RSA 1536	89 bits	verify	22'148	10'941	13'607
RSA 2048	103 bits	verify	13'500	6'524	8'345
ECDSA 256	128 bits	verify	N/A	N/A	1'143
ECDSA 384	192 bits	verify	N/A	N/A	508
ECDSA 512	260 bits	verify	N/A	N/A	255

* = cryptographic strength estimates according to RFC 3766 using www.keylength.com

Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange¶

DH group	Strength	Operations/s	gmp	gcrypt	openssl	gmp*	gcrypt*	openssl*
MODP 768	62 bits	A=g^a mod p	1'853	790	1'088	5'622	2'151	2'656
MODP 1024	73 bits	A=g^a mod p	862	347	491	3'523	1'352	1'689
MODP 1536	89 bits	A=g^a mod p	269	135	168	1'612	776	837
MODP 2048	103 bits	A=g^a mod p	117	55	73	689	298	362
ECP 192	96 bits	A=g^a mod p	N/A	N/A	1'699	-	-	-
ECP 224	112 bits	A=g^a mod p	N/A	N/A	1'494	-	-	-
ECP 256	128 bits	A=g^a mod p	N/A	N/A	1'298	-	-	-
ECP 384	192 bits	A=g^a mod p	N/A	N/A	591	-	-	-
ECP 521	260 bits	A=g^a mod p	N/A	N/A	306	-	-	-
MODP 768	62 bits	S=B^a mod p	1'882	595	1'191	5'737	1'779	3'280
MODP 1024	73 bits	S=B^a mod p	869	274	535	3'431	1'035	1'928
MODP 1536	89 bits	S=B^a mod p	278	98	174	1'648	571	900
MODP 2048	103 bits	S=B^a mod p	122	38	74	660	214	380
ECP 192	96 bits	S=B^a mod p	N/A	N/A	1'727	-	-	-
ECP 224	112 bits	S=B^a mod p	N/A	N/A	1'589	-	-	-
ECP 256	128 bits	S=B^a mod p	N/A	N/A	1'423	-	-	-
ECP 384	192 bits	S=B^a mod p	N/A	N/A	609	-	-	-
ECP 521	260 bits	S=B^a mod p	N/A	N/A	313	-	-	-

* = using reduced exponent size (libstrongswan.dh_exponent_ansi_x9_42 = no) as recommended by RFC3526